The purpose of the International Research Scientist Development Award (IRSDA) is to provide support and protected time (three to five years) to advanced postdoctoral U.S. research scientists and recently-appointed U.S. junior faculty (applicants must be at least two years beyond conferral of doctoral degree) for an intensive, mentored research career development experience in a low- or middle-income country (LMIC), as defined by the World Bank (http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-classifications/country-and-lending-groups, including "low-income," "lower-middle-income," and "upper-middle-income" countries) leading to an independently-funded research career focused on global health. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications from postdoctoral research scientists and junior faculty from any health-related discipline who propose career development activities and a research project that is relevant to the health priorities of the LMIC under the mentorship of LMIC and U.S. mentors.